Melanotan II vs SS-31 (Elamipretide)

Side-by-side comparison of mechanisms, dosing, interactions, and stacking potential.

Melanotan IISS-31 (Elamipretide)
CategoryPeptidesPeptides
Standard DoseResearch indicates 250-500 mcg daily via subcutaneous injection during loading, reducing to 250 mcg 2-3 times weekly for maintenance.Research indicates 0.05-0.25 mg/kg daily via subcutaneous injection. Clinical trials used 4-40 mg/day IV or SC.
TimingAdminister 4-6 hours before UV exposure for optimal tanning synergy. Can be taken at any time of day.Morning dosing preferred. No food timing restrictions.
Cycle DurationLoading phase 1-2 weeks, then maintenance as long as desired. Pigmentation fades gradually upon discontinuation.Clinical trials ranged from single dose to 48 weeks. Optimal cycle length not established.
Evidence Levelmoderate_humanEmerging (Phase 2/3 trials)
A

Melanotan II

Peptides

Mechanism

Melanotan II is a synthetic cyclic analog of alpha-melanocyte-stimulating hormone (alpha-MSH) that non-selectively agonizes melanocortin receptors MC1, MC3, MC4, and MC5. MC1R activation stimulates eumelanin synthesis through tyrosinase upregulation, producing tanning. MC3R activation in the CNS increases libido and produces erectile responses. MC4R activation suppresses appetite. The cyclic structure provides enhanced in vivo stability (half-life 1-2 hours) and increased blood-brain barrier permeability compared to linear alpha-MSH.

Standard Dosing

Research indicates 250-500 mcg daily via subcutaneous injection during loading, reducing to 250 mcg 2-3 times weekly for maintenance.

Timing

Administer 4-6 hours before UV exposure for optimal tanning synergy. Can be taken at any time of day.

Cycle Duration

Loading phase 1-2 weeks, then maintenance as long as desired. Pigmentation fades gradually upon discontinuation.

Side Effects

  • Nausea (common, especially during loading)
  • Facial flushing
  • Spontaneous erections
  • Appetite suppression
  • Darkening of existing moles (monitor closely)
  • Fatigue
  • New nevus formation

Contraindications

  • History of melanoma or atypical moles
  • Active skin cancer
  • Pregnancy and breastfeeding
  • Addison's disease
  • Pheochromocytoma

Best Stacking Partners

PT-141

Mechanism

SS-31 (D-Arg-Dmt-Lys-Phe-NH2, also known as elamipretide/Bendavia) is a cell-permeable tetrapeptide that localizes to the inner mitochondrial membrane and binds cardiolipin via electrostatic interactions. This stabilizes cardiolipin against oxidative damage, preserving cristae integrity, reducing ROS production, and maintaining mitochondrial ATP production. SS-31 interacts with proteins in two functional groups: oxidative phosphorylation complexes and 2-oxoglutarate metabolic enzymes — all known cardiolipin binders. It restores mitochondrial function without acting as a direct antioxidant.

Standard Dosing

Research indicates 0.05-0.25 mg/kg daily via subcutaneous injection. Clinical trials used 4-40 mg/day IV or SC.

Timing

Morning dosing preferred. No food timing restrictions.

Cycle Duration

Clinical trials ranged from single dose to 48 weeks. Optimal cycle length not established.

Side Effects

  • Injection site reactions
  • Headache
  • Diarrhea (in clinical trials)
  • Nausea

Contraindications

  • Pregnancy and breastfeeding
  • Severe renal impairment (peptide clearance concern)
  • Not commercially available
  • Clinical trial participants only

Best Stacking Partners

MOTS-cHumaninEpitalon

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