Nootropics
Evidence: moderate_human
Positive allosteric modulator of AMPA receptors, binding at a unique site along the dimer interface to reduce desensitization and deactivation. Inhibits N-type calcium channels at clinically relevant CNS concentrations. Enhances membrane fluidity of neuronal phospholipids and modulates neurotransmission across cholinergic and glutamatergic systems.
Standard: 1200-4800 mg/day divided into 2-3 doses
Loading: 4800 mg/day for first 2 weeks, then reduce to maintenance
Maintenance: 1200-2400 mg/day
Administration: oral
Timing: With or without food; split doses morning and afternoon to maintain plasma levels
Duration: Cycles of 8-12 weeks on, 4 weeks off; or ongoing with periodic reassessment
The original racetam and prototype nootropic. Effects are subtle and cumulative — many users report no benefit until 2-3 weeks of consistent dosing. Must co-supplement with a choline source (Alpha-GPC or CDP-Choline) to avoid headaches. Dose-response curve is relatively flat; mega-dosing yields diminishing returns.
Pharmaceutical-grade available from European manufacturers (UCB Pharma). Ensure >99% purity with CoA. Widely available as bulk powder or tablets.
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