Side-by-side comparison of mechanisms, dosing, interactions, and stacking potential.
| Pycnogenol | Urolithin A | |
|---|---|---|
| Category | Supplements | Supplements |
| Standard Dose | — | — |
| Timing | — | — |
| Cycle Duration | — | — |
| Evidence Level | Moderate | Moderate-Strong |
Polyphenol-rich French maritime pine bark extract that improves endothelial nitric oxide signaling, capillary tone, and oxidative defense.
Gut metabolite of ellagitannins that activates mitophagy — selective clearance of damaged mitochondria. Improves mitochondrial function, muscle endurance, and cellular energy production. Only ~40% of population can produce it endogenously.
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