Side-by-side comparison of mechanisms, dosing, interactions, and stacking potential.
| Epitalon | SS-31 (Elamipretide) | |
|---|---|---|
| Category | Growth Factors | Peptides |
| Standard Dose | — | Research indicates 0.05-0.25 mg/kg daily via subcutaneous injection. Clinical trials used 4-40 mg/day IV or SC. |
| Timing | — | Morning dosing preferred. No food timing restrictions. |
| Cycle Duration | — | Clinical trials ranged from single dose to 48 weeks. Optimal cycle length not established. |
| Evidence Level | Emerging | Emerging (Phase 2/3 trials) |
Synthetic tetrapeptide studied in Russian longevity literature for pineal signaling, circadian regulation, and telomerase-related hypotheses.
SS-31 (D-Arg-Dmt-Lys-Phe-NH2, also known as elamipretide/Bendavia) is a cell-permeable tetrapeptide that localizes to the inner mitochondrial membrane and binds cardiolipin via electrostatic interactions. This stabilizes cardiolipin against oxidative damage, preserving cristae integrity, reducing ROS production, and maintaining mitochondrial ATP production. SS-31 interacts with proteins in two functional groups: oxidative phosphorylation complexes and 2-oxoglutarate metabolic enzymes — all known cardiolipin binders. It restores mitochondrial function without acting as a direct antioxidant.
Research indicates 0.05-0.25 mg/kg daily via subcutaneous injection. Clinical trials used 4-40 mg/day IV or SC.
Morning dosing preferred. No food timing restrictions.
Clinical trials ranged from single dose to 48 weeks. Optimal cycle length not established.
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