Side-by-side comparison of mechanisms, dosing, interactions, and stacking potential.
| Alpha Lipoic Acid (ALA) | TUDCA | |
|---|---|---|
| Category | Supplements | Supplements |
| Standard Dose | 300-600mg R-ALA daily | — |
| Timing | On empty stomach, 30-60 min before meals. Split doses for higher amounts. | — |
| Cycle Duration | ongoing or cycle 12 weeks on, 4 weeks off | — |
| Evidence Level | strong_human | Moderate |
ALA is a dithiol compound that functions as a cofactor for mitochondrial alpha-keto acid dehydrogenases (pyruvate dehydrogenase, alpha-ketoglutarate dehydrogenase). Both ALA and its reduced form DHLA are potent antioxidants capable of regenerating other antioxidants including vitamin C, vitamin E, and glutathione. ALA activates AMPK, improving glucose uptake via GLUT4 translocation, and modulates NF-kB-mediated inflammatory signaling. It chelates redox-active metals (Fe2+, Cu2+).
300-600mg R-ALA daily
On empty stomach, 30-60 min before meals. Split doses for higher amounts.
ongoing or cycle 12 weeks on, 4 weeks off
Hydrophilic bile acid that stabilizes hepatocyte membranes, supports bile flow, and reduces endoplasmic reticulum stress. Often used in higher-load liver support and lipid-heavy protocols.
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