Vitamin C (Liposomal) vs Vitamin K2 (MK-7)

Mechanism

Ascorbic acid is an essential electron donor and cofactor for numerous enzymatic reactions. It is required for collagen synthesis (prolyl and lysyl hydroxylases), carnitine biosynthesis, catecholamine synthesis (dopamine beta-hydroxylase), and alpha-ketoglutarate-dependent dioxygenases including HIF-prolyl hydroxylases and TET methylcytosine dioxygenases (epigenetic regulation). It regenerates oxidized vitamin E, supports immune function via neutrophil chemotaxis, phagocytosis, and lymphocyte proliferation. Liposomal delivery bypasses SVCT1/2 transporter saturation, achieving plasma levels closer to IV administration.

Standard Dosing

1000-2000mg liposomal vitamin C daily

Timing

Divided doses throughout the day (every 4-6 hours) for optimal plasma levels. Away from high-dose minerals.

Cycle Duration

ongoing

Side Effects

• Diarrhea/GI upset at high non-liposomal doses (bowel tolerance)
• Kidney stone risk (oxalate pathway)
• False blood sugar readings on glucometers
• Dental erosion (chewable forms)

Contraindications

• Hemochromatosis (enhances iron absorption)
• G6PD deficiency (high-dose IV can cause hemolytic anemia)
• History of calcium oxalate kidney stones (may increase oxalate at high oral doses)
• Renal insufficiency (accumulation risk)

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Mechanism

Vitamin K2 (menaquinone-7) activates vitamin K-dependent proteins via gamma-carboxylation of glutamic acid residues. Key targets: osteocalcin (directs calcium into bone matrix), matrix Gla protein (MGP, inhibits arterial calcification), Gas6 (cell signaling, neuroprotection), and protein S (anticoagulant). MK-7 has a long half-life (~72 hours vs 1-2 hours for K1) enabling consistent carboxylation activity with once-daily dosing. It works synergistically with Vitamin D3 to regulate calcium metabolism — D3 increases calcium absorption while K2 directs its deposition.

Standard Dosing

100-200 mcg MK-7 daily

Timing

With fat-containing meal alongside Vitamin D3.

Cycle Duration

ongoing (mandatory co-supplement with Vitamin D3)

Side Effects

• Generally very well tolerated
• Rare: mild GI discomfort
• Theoretical thrombotic risk in deficiency-rebound scenario (unproven)

Contraindications

• Warfarin/coumarin anticoagulant therapy (unless specifically directed by physician with INR monitoring)

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